In which of the following contexts is reintegrative shaming primarily applied?

Reintegrative shaming is primarily applied in the context of criminal justice. This concept involves a process where, instead of labeling the offender negatively and alienating them from society, there is an acknowledgment of the wrongdoing combined with a clear message that the individual is still valued and can be reintegrated into the community. The focus is on the behavior rather than the person, promoting accountability while maintaining social bonds.

In criminal justice settings, reintegrative shaming can lead to restorative justice practices, where the harm done to the victim and community is addressed, and the offender is encouraged to make amends. This contrasts with more punitive approaches that may lead to isolation and recidivism.

Other contexts, such as educational settings or civil disputes, may involve aspects of shaming or accountability but do not typically frame these within the principles of reintegrative shaming. Corporate misconduct might incorporate similar ideas, but it lacks the structured application found in the criminal justice system geared toward rehabilitation and community reintegration.