Who was placed under house arrest for claiming that the earth revolved around the sun?

The individual who was placed under house arrest for claiming that the Earth revolved around the sun is Galileo Galilei. His heliocentric theory, which posited that the sun is at the center of the universe with the Earth and other planets revolving around it, contradicted the long-held geocentric view supported by the Catholic Church at the time.

Galileo's support for the Copernican model was met with significant opposition, and in 1616, the Church declared the heliocentric theory to be "formally heretical." Subsequently, in 1633, Galileo was tried by the Inquisition and found "vehemently suspect of heresy." As a result, he was sentenced to house arrest for the remainder of his life. This incident highlights the tension between scientific inquiry and religious doctrine during the early modern period, emphasizing Galileo's pivotal role in the development of modern astronomy and the broader scientific revolution.

The other individuals listed are notable figures in their own right, but their contributions do not relate directly to this specific conflict involving heliocentrism and Galileo's subsequent punishment.